单项选择题

Questions 10—11 are based on the following:
Antinuclear activist: The closing of the nuclear power plant is a victory for the antinuclear cause. It also represents a belated acknowledgment by the power industry that they cannot operate such plants safely.
Nuclear power plant manager: It represents no such thing. The availability of cheap power from nonnuclear sources, together with the cost of mandated safety inspections and safety repairs, made continued operation uneconomic. Thus it was not safety considerations but economic considerations that dictated the plant’s closing. Ounce for ounce, blends of different artificial sweeteners match any individual artificial sweetener in sweetening power. When used to sweeten food, blends greatly decrease the likelihood that consumers will exceed acceptable daily intakes for individual sweeteners. Blends should therefore be used, rather than single sweeteners alone, since blends are clearly more healthful, yet equally effective. The argument above depends on which of the following assumptions

A. When ingested together, different artificial sweeteners in the blends do not interact in a way that makes them harmful to human health.
B. Different artificial sweeteners, when used together in food, do not contribute a more desirable flavor to the food than would any one of them by itself.
C. The acceptable daily intake for any given artificial sweetener is a conservative figure that could probably be greatly exceeded at little or no risk.
D. Consumers who substitute artificial sweeteners for sugar in their diets generally keep track of their daily intake of different sweeteners.
E. The ill effects on health produced by the intake of excessive quantities of any single artificial sweetener cannot be reversed by reducing intake later.

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单项选择题Since 1975 there has been in the United States a dramatic decline in the incidence of traditional childhood diseases such as measles. This decline has been accompanied by an increased incidence of Peterson’s disease, a hitherto rare viral infection, among children. Few adults, however, have been affected by the disease. Which of the following, if true, would best help to explain the increased incidence of Peterson’s disease among children

A. Hereditary factors determine in part the degree to which a person is susceptible to the virus that causes Peterson’s disease.
B. The decrease in traditional childhood diseases and the accompanying increase in Peterson’s disease have not been found in any other country.
C. Children who contract measles develop an immunity to the virus that causes Peterson’s disease.
D. Persons who did not contract measles in childhood might contract measles in adulthood, in which case the consequences of the disease would generally be more severe.
E. Those who have contracted Peterson’s disease are at increased risk of contracting chicken pox.

单项选择题During his three years in office, the governor of a state has frequently been accused of having sexist attitudes toward women. Yet he has filled five of the nineteen vacant high-level positions in his administration with women appointees, all of whom are still serving. This shows that the governor is not sexist. Which of the following statements, if true, would most seriously weaken the conclusion above

A. One of the women appointed by the governor to a highlevel position is planning to resign her post.
B. The platform of the governor’s political party required him to appoint at least five women to high-level positions.
C. Forty-seven percent of the women who voted in the state gubernatorial election three years ago voted for the governor.
D. A governor of a neighboring state recently appointed seven women to high-level positions.
E. The governor appointed two Black Americans, two Hispanic Americans, and one Asian American to high-level positions in his administration.