Direction:
Read the following text. Choose the best word or phrase for each numbered blank.
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In post-war America, other groups sought their place on America’s campuses, too. The 1 of women in higher education began to increase, Black and Hispanic 2 demand an end 3 segregation in elementary and 4 education —and thus an equal opportunity to get into college. (In the United States the 5 "minority" has two meanings, often 6 : (1)A minority is any ethnic or racial group that 7 a small percentage of the total 8 ; (2)The term also 9 a group that has less political power than the 10 . )
By the 1960s, college 11 special plans and programs to equalize educational opportunities — 12 every level, for all groups. Some of these plans were called "affirmative action programs". Their goal was to make up for past 13 by giving special preference 14 members of minorities seeking jobs or 15 to college. Some colleges, for example, sponsored programs to help minority students prepare for college while 16 in high school.
By the 1970s, the United States government stood firmly 17 such goals, it required colleges and universities receiving public 18 to practise some form of affirmative action. But when colleges began to set 19 (fixed numbers) of minority students to be admitted, many Americans (including minority citizens) 20 . They felt that this was another form of discrimination.
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