A 25-year-old female medical student was doing a rotation in an HIV

clinic. Sara is a 30-year-old woman who dropped out of college after

she found that she contracted HIV from her husband, who has

hemophilia. In talking to Sara, it turns out that the medical student

and the patient shared a number of things--both are from the same

part of Montana originally, also have young children, and like to

cook. Sara now has advanced HIV. How should the medical student

tell Sara about the advanced HIV and that she will need some blood

tests without making her angry or upset?

 A 4-year-old with an obviously broken forearm is brought to the

emergency department by her baby-sitter. Both the baby-sitter and

emergency room staff have attempted to reach her parents without

success.

 Angela is a 72-year-old woman with end stage congestive heart

failure from coronary artery disease--she has had two myocardial

infarctions. When her medical management is optimal, she is just

able to take care of herself in her own apartment, but with any small

decompensation, she ends up in the hospital. She comes in for a

clinic visit, and her weight is up 2 kilograms and she is complaining

of paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea, even though she has been taking

her meds as prescribed. Exasperated and discouraged, she asks,

"Am I dying”? The cardiologist replies: "Well, no--this is all

reversible."

What would you, as the medical-legal consultant/ethicist, say to

A 25-year-old female medical student was doing a rotation in an HIV

clinic. Sara is a 30-year-old woman who dropped out of college after

she found that she contracted HIV from her husband, who has

hemophilia. In talking to Sara, it turns out that the medical student

and the patient shared a number of things--both are from the same

part of Montana originally, also have young children, and like to

cook. Sara now has advanced HIV. How should the medical student

tell Sara about the advanced HIV and that she will need some blood

Mrs. W is an 81-year-old woman with recurrent colon cancer with

liver metastases admitted to the hospital for chemotherapy. Mrs. W

still wants to be a "full code." Your intern suggests that you sign her

out as a "slow code."

 Skip is a 50-year-old man with metastatic non-small cell lung cancer.

He decided to try palliative chemotherapy because "otherwise I

might just as well roll over and give up." After the first cycle of

carboplatin and taxol, he requires hospitalization for fever and

neutropenia (a complication of the chemotherapy). You stop by for a

visit, and he says he feels terrible, wonders "if the chemo is worth all

this", but that he's too scared to stop.

相对于传统政府的垂直化层次结构,电子政府体现的是( )。